Berliet was a French manufacturer of automobiles, buses, trucks and military cars among other vehicles based in Vénissieux, outside of Lyon, France. Founded in 1899, and apart from a five-year period from 1944 to 1949 when it had been put into 'administration sequestre' it was in private ownership until 1967 when it then became part of Citroën, and subsequently acquired through Renault in 1974 and also merged with Saviem into a new Renault Trucks firm in 1978. The Berliet marque was eliminated by 1980.Marius Berliet started their experiments with automobiles throughout 1894. Some single-cylinder cars ended up followed in 1900 by way of twin-cylinder model. In 1902, Berliet took over the plant of Audibert & Lavirotte inside Lyon. Berliet started to create four-cylinder automobiles featured by the honeycomb radiator and steel chassis frame was used rather than wood. The next year, a model was launched that was similar to contemporary Mercedes. In 1906, Berliet sold the driving licence for manufacturing his model towards the American Locomotive Company.
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Prior to World War I, Berliet offered a selection of models from 8 CV to 60 CV. The main models acquired four-cylinder engines (2412 cc and 4398 cc, respectively), and there was a six-cylinder style of 9500 cc. A 1539 cc design (12 CV) seemed to be produced between 1910 and 1912. From 1912, six-cylinder models were created upon individual orders only.The First World War triggered a massive increase widely used. Berliet, like Renault and Latil, produced trucks for the actual French army. The military orders placed major demands around the factory's capacity, necessitating major investment in production plant and manufacturing area space.In 1915 a 400 hectare site was obtained between Vénissieux et Saint-Priest to be able to build a new main factory.The Berliet CBA started to be the iconic truck for the Voie Sacrée, supplying the battle entrance at Verdun during 1916. 25, 000 of these 4/5 ton Berliet trucks, originally launched in 1914, were ordered by the particular French army. During 1916 40 of them were leaving the plant daily. Under license from Renault, Berliet were also producing shells and battle tanks at this time. The number of staff employed increased to 3, 150.By 1917 the importance of annual turnover acquired multiplied fourfold since the beginning of the war, and a new appropriate structure was deemed correct. The company became the Société anonyme des Automobiles Marius Berliet.Following the war the manufacturer reoriented portion of its production back in order to passenger cars, but Berliet nevertheless discovered themselves with excess volume, as the army was no longer buying all the pickup trucks the factory could produce, and overall output halved.Marius Berliet responded towards the outbreak of peace by deciding to produce just a single kind of truck and a single form of car, which represented a travel from his pre-war current market strategy. The single truck where Berliet focused was the actual 5 ton CBA that had served the united states so well during this war.
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The passenger car to become produced, exhibited on the Berliet stand with the 15th Paris Motor Demonstrate in October 1919, was the 3296cc (15HP/CV) "Torpedo" bodied "Berliet Variety VB" of modern overall look. Marius Berliet was probably none to miss a trick: rather than devote occasion and engineering talent to creating a new car for the new decade, he obtained and duplicated an American Dodge. The Dodge was notoriously robust, and the Berliet backup was well received throughout March 1919 when the item had its first community outing, locally, at the Lyon Deal Fair. The headlights were mounted unusually high and the simple disc wheels were large, giving the car an enjoyable "no nonsense" look. Particularly attractive was the price of just 11, 800 francs in October 1919. Unfortunately, however, the Berliet engineers failed to make certain the steel used within the car's construction was of the same quality as the Us steel used for the actual Dodge, and this resulted in series problems for the early customers of the particular "Berliet Type VB" and serious reputational damage to the company.
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The factory ended up set up to make the "Berliet Type VB" with the rate of 100 cars on a daily basis which would have recently been an ambitious target underneath any circumstances. The rapid drop-off widely used for what during this period was the manufacturer's merely passenger car model that followed the quality issues plunged the small business into financial difficulties, with losses of fifty-five million francs recorded in one year. Survival was in question, and Berliet was put into judicial administration in 1921. Marius Berliet himself had held 88% of the share capital, but was unable to all the company's creditors along with the firm therefore fell in to the hands of the banks. Berliet was nevertheless able to retain operational control. During the ensuring 10 years, supported by a sustained recovery successful that in turn reflected a powerful model strategy after 1922, Berliet was able to his debtors and, in 1929, to regain financial control over the business from the finance institutions.
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