Berliet was a French manufacturer of automobiles, buses, trucks and military motor vehicles among other vehicles operating out of Vénissieux, outside of Lyon, France. Founded in 1899, and apart from a new five-year period from 1944 to 1949 when it turned out put into 'administration sequestre' it turned out in private ownership until 1967 when after that it became part of Citroën, and subsequently acquired through Renault in 1974 along with merged with Saviem into a new Renault Trucks firm in 1978. The Berliet marque was eliminated by 1980.Marius Berliet started his / her experiments with automobiles in 1894. Some single-cylinder cars were being followed in 1900 by the twin-cylinder model. In 1902, Berliet took over your plant of Audibert & Lavirotte with Lyon. Berliet started to build four-cylinder automobiles featured by the honeycomb radiator and metallic chassis frame was used rather then wood. The next year, a model was launched that had been similar to contemporary Mercedes. In 1906, Berliet sold the licence for manufacturing his model for the American Locomotive Company.
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Previous to World War I, Berliet offered a variety of models from 8 RESUME to 60 CV. The main models had four-cylinder engines (2412 closed circuit and 4398 cc, respectively), and there was a six-cylinder type of 9500 cc. A 1539 cc product (12 CV) had been produced between 1910 along with 1912. From 1912, six-cylinder models were produced upon individual orders solely.The First World War triggered a massive increase sought after. Berliet, like Renault and Latil, produced trucks for the actual French army. The military orders placed major demands around the factory's capacity, necessitating major investment within production plant and manufacturing area space.In 1915 a 400 hectare site was bought between Vénissieux et Saint-Priest so as to build a new major factory.The Berliet CBA became the iconic truck for the Voie Sacrée, supplying the battle top at Verdun during 1916. 25, 000 of these 4/5 heap Berliet trucks, originally launched in 1914, were ordered by the French army. During 1916 40 advisors were leaving the plant everyday. Under license from Renault, Berliet were also making shells and battle tanks at this time. The number of staff employed increased to 3, 150.By 1917 the price of annual turnover received multiplied fourfold since the start of the war, and a new legitimate structure was deemed appropriate. The company became this Société anonyme des Autos Marius Berliet.After the war the manufacturer reoriented part of its production back to passenger cars, but Berliet nevertheless identified themselves with excess ability, as the army was will no longer buying all the trucks the factory could develop, and overall output halved.Marius Berliet responded towards outbreak of peace by deciding to produce just a single style of truck and a single sort of car, which represented a departure from his pre-war current market strategy. The single truck on which Berliet focused was your 5 ton CBA that had served the united states so well during this war.
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The passenger car being produced, exhibited on the Berliet stand in the 15th Paris Motor Display in October 1919, was the 3296cc (15HP/CV) "Torpedo" bodied "Berliet Kind VB" of modern look. Marius Berliet was it's unlikely that any to miss a strategy: rather than devote moment and engineering talent to developing a new car for the brand new decade, he obtained and ripped an American Dodge. The Dodge was famously robust, and the Berliet replicate was well received with March 1919 when the idea had its first open public outing, locally, at the Lyon Business Fair. The headlights were mounted unusually high as well as the simple disc wheels had been large, giving the car a pleasing "no nonsense" look. Particularly attractive was the cost of just 11, 800 francs in July 1919. Unfortunately, however, the Berliet engineers failed in order that the steel used inside car's construction was in the same quality as the American steel used for the actual Dodge, and this resulted in series problems for that early customers of the "Berliet Type VB" and serious reputational damage to the company.
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The factory ended up set up to produce the "Berliet Type VB" with the rate of 100 cars per day which would have been recently an ambitious target below any circumstances. The rapid drop-off widely used for what at this point was the manufacturer's solely passenger car model that followed the high quality issues plunged the enterprise into financial difficulties, with losses of fifty-five million francs recorded in one year. Survival was in question, and Berliet was put into judicial administration in 1921. Marius Berliet himself had held 88% in the share capital, but was unable to all the company's creditors and also the firm therefore fell in the hands of the banking institutions. Berliet was nevertheless able to retain operational control. During the ensuring ten years, supported by a sustained recovery in demand that in turn reflected an effective model strategy after 1922, Berliet was able in order to his debtors and, in 1929, to regain financial control in the business from the banks.
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